Effects of Brain Injury  

  • Severity of Injuries
  • Long term

Severity

The severity of a Brain Injury can be split into three broad categories; mild, moderate and severe.  This is determined largely by the use of the Glasgow Coma Scale.

Mild Brain Injury

A mild Brain or head injury can be identified after a brief period of unconsciousness, feeling sick or dizzy and may be as a result of a person banging their head whilst getting into the car or walking into the top of a low door frame.

Mild TBIs account for approximately 75-80% of all head injuries.

Moderate Brain Injury

Moderate Brain or head injuries refer to those who experience a loss of consciousness for between 15 minutes and 6 hours or suffer a period of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) of up to 24 hours.

It is likely the injured person will be kept in hospital for observation, if there are no other injuries they will then be discharged.

Severe Brain Injury

Severe Brain injury is the term used to define a condition whereby the injured person has been in an unconscious state for 6 hours or more, or suffered post-traumatic amnesia for 24 hours or more.

Those who have suffered a severe brain injury will be hospitalised and are likely to have suffered serious injury to the head/brain including tearing of blood vessels, veins and nerves.  Those with serious and severe brain injury are likely to remain in hospital for days, weeks or months.

Long term

Those who have suffered a brain injury, whether it is severe, moderate or mild, may experience different effects, to include the following;

  • Physical, loss of consciousness, difficulty moving, keeping balance, loss of co-ordination, headaches, increased tiredness, seizures, fits/passing out.
  • Hormonal, if the pituitary glad is damaged it may lead to the low production of hormones
  • Sensory, such as loss of taste or smell, blind spots/double vision, difficulty controlling body temperature, deafness, weakness in limbs,
  • Cognitive, may affect the ability to think, process information, solve problems.  Memory problems, speech and communication skills may also be effected
  • Emotional/Behavioural, changes in feelings and behaviour may occur, such as feelings of irritation and anger.  May be less sensitive to other people’s feelings or lose inhibitions and behave in ways that others may deem inappropriate.

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